Class X / Y safety capacitors are used in automotive, industrial, and commercial AC line filtering and control applications. This special class of capacitor requires unique certificates of compliance as specified by IEC 60384-14 and CAN/CSA – 60384-14. The X / Y capacitors are placed across the AC input either line to line, or line to chassis / ground, for the suppression of electromagnetic (EFI) and radio frequency interference (RFI). They are referred to as safety capacitors because they have an exceptional design construction that enables them to withstand rigorous lightning surge suppression and AC line spikes, while providing safe decoupling of harmful transients to protect humans from potential hazardous shocks. Many explanations about X / Y safety capacitor classifications are available. Classifications provide specific references for line placement, function, voltage ratings, and certified surge suppression levels.